| Brand Name | Manufacturer Name | Distributor | Drug Strength | Packaging | Formulation | Formulation Strength | Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bacqure | Sun Pharmaceuticals Ltd | Sunpar Pharmaceuticals Ltd. | 500mg/500mg | 1 | Injection | per vial | KES 1,620.00 |
| Imbac | Popular Pharmaceuticals Ltd | Omaera Pharmaceuticals Ltd | 500mg | 1 | Injection | per vial | KES 1,971.00 |
| Imicil | Synermed Pharmaceuticals Ltd | Saicare Enterprises Ltd. | 500mg/500mg | 1 | Injection | per vial | KES 1,300.00 |
| Inno-Cila | Innocia Life Sciences PVT. Ltd | Pharma Specialities Ltd. | 500mg/500mg | 1 | Injection | per vial | KES 1,350.00 |
| Kinem | Akorn India PVT Ltd. | Medox Pharmaceuticals Ltd. | 500mg/500mg | 1 | Injection | per vial | KES 1,585.00 |
| Lastinem | Venus Remedies Limited | Surgipharm Ltd | 500mg | 1 | Injection | per vial | KES 1,800.00 |
| Pantin | Biopharm Group | Maxim Pharmaceuticals Ltd | 500mg/500mg | 1 | Injection | per vial | KES 1,800.00 |
| Pelastin | PT Sanbe Pharma | Sai Pharmaceuticals Ltd. | 500mg | 1 | Injection | per vial | KES 1,500.00 |
| Imipenem / Cilastatin more info | |
|---|---|
| Mode Of Action | Imipenem is a carbapenem, a beta lactam antibiotic, with aerobic and anaerobic activity against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Since it is inactivated in the kidney, it is co-administered with cilastatin, which blocks a specific enzyme that is involved in its metabolism. |
| Drug Indication | Aerobic and anaerobic gram +ve and -ve bacterial infections. Septicaemia, endocarditis, gynaecological infections, mixed infections, bone, joints, skin and soft tissue infections |
| Precautions | Should not be given to patients known to be hypersensitive to it, and should be given with caution to patients known to be hypersensitive to penicillins, cephalosporins, or other beta lactams because of the possibility of cross-sensitivity. It should be given with caution to patients with renal impairment, and the dose reduced appropriately. Particular care is necessary in patients with CNS disorders such as epilepsy. |
| Contra-Indications | Carbapenem / beta-lactam sensitivity. |
| Side Effects | Allergic reactions, GI distubances, pseudomembranous colitis, blood dyscrasia, red urine, liver impairment, seizure, confusional states, super-infections, psychological disturbances. |
| Dosage | By intravenous infusion, in terms of imipenem, 12g daily (in 3-4 divided doses); less sensitive organisms, up to 50mg/kg daily (max. 4g daily) in 3-4 divided doses; child 3 months and older, 60mg/kg (up to max. of 2g) daily in 4 divided doses; over 40kg, adult dose Surgical prophylaxis, 1g at induction repeated after 3 hours, supplemented in high risk (e.g. colorectal) surgery by doses of 500mg 8 and 16 hours after induction.Children: < 1 week old; >1.5g BW: 5mg/kg IV 12hourly for non-CNS infections, 1- 4 weeks old; >1.5 g BW: 25mg/kg IV 8hourly for non-CNS infections. 4 weeks old-3 months old; >1.5 g BW: 25mg/kg IV 6hourly for non-CNS infections. >3 months old: 15-25 mg/kg/dose IV 6hourly for non-CNS infections; not to exceed 2g/day for fully susceptible organisms or 4g/day for moderately susceptible organisms. >12 years old: 10-15 mg/kg IM 6hourly for mild to moderate infections. Cystic fibrosis patients, up to 90 mg/kg/day IV used in older children. |
| Drug Category | DRUGS ACTING ON INFECTIONS |
| Drug Sub-Category | Penicillins |
Dosing: Adult
Doses based on imipenem content. Note: I.M. administration is not intended for severe or life-threatening infections (eg, septicemia, endocarditis, shock), UTI, bone/joint or polymicrobic infections. For adults weighing <70 kg, refer to Dosing Adjustment in Renal Impairment
Burkholderia mallei (melioidosis) (unlabeled use): 25 mg/kg (up to 1 g) every 6 hours for at least 10 days (Currie, 2003)
Intra-abdominal infections:
I.V.:
Mild infection: 250-500 mg every 6 hours
Severe infection: 500 mg every 6 hours or 1 g every 8 hours for 4-7 days (provided source controlled). Note: Not recommended for mild-to-moderate, community-acquired intra-abdominal infections due to risk of toxicity and the development of resistant organisms (Solomkin, 2010)
I.M.: Mild-to-moderate infection: 750 mg every 12 hours
Liver abscess (unlabeled use): I.V.: 500 mg every 6 hours for 4-6 weeks (Ulug, 2010)
Lower respiratory tract, skin/skin structure, gynecologic infections: I.M.: Mild/moderate: 500-750 mg every 12 hours
Moderate infections:
I.M.: 750 mg every 12 hours
I.V.:
Fully-susceptible organisms: 500 mg every 6-8 hours
Moderately-susceptible organisms: 500 mg every 6 hours or 1 g every 8 hours
Neutropenic fever (unlabeled use): I.V.: 500 mg every 6 hours (Paul, 2006)
Pseudomonas infections: I.V.: 500 mg every 6 hours; Note: Higher doses may be required based on organism sensitivity.
Severe infections: I.V.: Note: I.M. administration is not intended for severe or life-threatening infections (eg, septicemia, endocarditis, shock):
Fully-susceptible organisms: 500 mg every 6 hours
Moderately-susceptible organisms: 1 g every 6-8 hours
Maximum daily dose should not exceed 50 mg/kg or 4 g/day, whichever is lower
Urinary tract infection, uncomplicated: I.V.: 250 mg every 6 hours
Urinary tract infection, complicated: I.V.: 500 mg every 6 hours
Mild infections: Note: Rarely a suitable option in mild infections; normally reserved for moderate-severe cases:
I.M.: 500 mg every 12 hours
I.V.:
Fully-susceptible organisms: 250 mg every 6 hours
Moderately-susceptible organisms: 500 mg every 6 hours
Dosing: Pediatric
(For additional information see "Imipenem and cilastatin: Pediatric drug information")
Dosage based on imipenem content:
Non-CNS infections: I.V.:
Neonates ≤3 months and weight ≥1500 g:
<1 week: 25 mg/kg every 12 hours
1-4 weeks: 25 mg/kg every 8 hours
4 weeks to 3 months: 25 mg/kg every 6 hours
Children: >3 months: 15-25 mg/kg every 6 hours
Maximum dosage: Susceptible infections: 2 g/day; moderately-susceptible organisms: 4 g/day
Burkholderia mallei (melioidosis) (unlabeled use): 20 mg/kg every 8 hours for 10 days
Cystic fibrosis: Doses up to 90 mg/kg/day have been used
Dosing: Geriatric
Refer to adult dosing.
Dosing: Renal Impairment
I.V.: Note: Adjustments have not been established for I.M. dosing:
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