Allopurinol

Dosage ;

Allopurinol Brands
Brand Name Manufacturer Name Distributor Drug Strength Packaging Formulation Formulation Strength Price
Allopurinol Teva Pharmaceuticals Kulal International Ltd. 100mg 28 Tablet per tablet KES 220.00
Allopurinol Teva Pharmaceuticals Kulal International Ltd. 300mg 28 Tablet per tablet KES 280.00
Logout Inga Laboratory PVT Ltd Sai Pharmaceuticals Ltd. 100mg 30 Tablet per tablet KES 191.00
Zyloric GlaxoSmithkline GlaxoSmithKline 100mg 100 Tablet per tablet KES 3,408.10
Zyloric GlaxoSmithkline GlaxoSmithKline 300mg 28 Tablet per tablet KES 2,467.90
Stradumel Pharmathen Goodman Agencies Ltd 100mg 25 Tablet per tablet KES 605.00
Stradumel Pharmathen Goodman Agencies Ltd 300mg 28 Tablet per tablet KES 845.00

Allopurinol More info
Mode Of Action

Allopurinol: It inhibits (together with its metabolite, oxpurinol) the action of xanthine oxidase, the enzyme that converts hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid. It also decreases de novo purine biosynthesis by pseudofeedback inhibition as it increases oxypurine and allopurinol ribonucleotide concentrations and decreases phosphoribosylpyrophosphate concentrations.
Drug Indication Gout, hyperuricaemia with associated conditions
Precautions Acute attack of gout, sufficient fluid intake, and renal and hepatic disorders
Contra-Indications Hypersensitivity reactions, children, during lactation
Side Effects Syndrome resembling Steven-Johnson syndrome and/or Lyells Syndrome, urticaria, arthralgia, lymphadenopathy, blood dyscrasia, drowsiness, headache, neuritis hepatic necrosis.
Dosage 100-900mg daily. Large doses should be administered in divided doses for not more than 300mg.
Special Information A structural isomer of hypoxanthine
Pregnancy Category Category C
Pregnancy Category Description Drugs which, owing to their pharmacological effects, or may be suspected of causing detrimental effects on human foetus or neonates without causing malfunctions. These effects may be reversible
Drug Category DRUGS ACTING ON CNS
Drug Sub-Category

Drugs for treatment of gout

Pharmacologic Category

Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor

Dosing: Adult

Doses >300 mg should be given in divided doses.

Gout: Oral: Mild: 200-300 mg/day; Severe: 400-600 mg/day; to reduce the possibility of acute gouty attacks, initiate dose at 100 mg/day and increase weekly to recommended dosage. Maximum daily dose: 800 mg/day.

Secondary hyperuricemia associated with chemotherapy:

Oral: 600-800 mg/day in 2-3 divided doses for prevention of acute uric acid nephropathy for 2-3 days starting 1-2 days before chemotherapy

I.V.: 200-400 mg/m2/day (maximum: 600 mg/day)

Note: Intravenous daily dose can be given as a single infusion or in equally divided doses at 6-, 8-, or 12-hour intervals. A fluid intake sufficient to yield a daily urinary output of at least 2 L in adults and the maintenance of a neutral or, preferably, slightly alkaline urine are desirable.

Recurrent calcium oxalate stones: 200-300 mg/day in single or divided doses

Dosing: Pediatric

Gout: Children >10 years: Refer to adult dosing.

Recurrent calcium oxalate stones: Children >10 years: Refer to adult dosing.

Secondary hyperuricemia associated with chemotherapy:

Oral: Children ≤10 years: 10 mg/kg/day in 2-3 divided doses or 200-300 mg/m2/day in 2-4 divided doses, maximum: 800 mg/24 hours, for prevention of acute uric acid nephropathy (begin 1-2 days before chemotherapy)

Alternative (manufacturer labeling):

<6 years: 150 mg/day in 3 divided doses

6-10 years: 300 mg/day in 2-3 divided doses

efer to adult dosing.

I.V.:

Children ≤10 years: Starting dose: 200 mg/m2/day

Note: Intravenous daily dose can be given as a single infusion or in equally divided doses at 6-, 8-, or 12-hour intervals. Adequate fluid intake and the maintenance of a neutral or, preferably, slightly alkaline urine are desirable.

Children >10 years: Refer to adult dosing.

Dosing: Geriatric

Oral: Initial: 100 mg/day; increase until desired uric acid level is obtained. Refer to adult dosing.

Dosing: Renal Impairment

Oral: Must be adjusted due to accumulation of allopurinol and metabolites; see table.

Creatinine Clearance

(mL/min)

 Maintenance Dose of Allopurinol

(mg)
140= 400mg daily

120= 350mg Dailly

100 = 300mg daily

80 = 250mg daily

60 = 200mg daily

40 = 150mg daily

20 = 100mg daily

10 = 100mg every 2 days

0 = 100mg every 3 days

 This table is based on a standard maintenance dose of 300 mg of allopurinol per day for a patient with a creatinine clearance of 100 mL/min.

I.V.:

Clcr 10-20 mL/minute: Administer 200 mg/day.

Clcr 3-10 mL/minute: Administer 100 mg/day.

Clcr <3 mL/minute: Administer 100 mg/day at extended intervals.

Hemodialysis: Administer dose after hemodialysis or administer 50% supplemental dose.