Dosage ; By mouth 60-180mg at night.
Child: 5-8mg/kg daily. By 1.V or I.M. 50-200mg repeated after 6 hours when required (max, 600mg daily).
Status epilepticus: 1.V at rate lower than 100mg/min (max. 15mg/kg).
All forms of epilepsy except typical absence seizures.
By mouth or by I.V injection, neonate,
initially 20 mg/kg by slow intravenous injection then 2.5-5 mg/kg once daily
either by slow intravenous injection or by mouth;
dose and frequency adjusted according to response.
By mouth, Child 1 month-12 years initially 1-1.5 mg/kg twice daily,
increased by 2 mg/kg daily as required;
usual maintenance dose 2.5-4 mg/kg once or twice daily;
Child 12-18 years, 60-180 mg once daily.
| Brand Name | Manufacturer Name | Distributor | Drug Strength | Packaging | Formulation | Formulation Strength | Price |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phenobarbitone | Biodeal Laboratories Ltd. | Biodeal Laboratories Ltd. | 30mg | 1000 | Tablet | per tablet | KES 500.00 |
| Phenobarbitone | Biodeal Laboratories Ltd. | Biodeal Laboratories Ltd. | 30mg | 100 | Tablet | per tablet | KES 80.00 |
| Phenobarbitone | Biodeal Laboratories Ltd. | Biodeal Laboratories Ltd. | 30mg | 100 | Tablet | per tablet | KES 90 |
| Phenobarbitone | Biodeal Laboratories Ltd. | Biodeal Laboratories Ltd. | 30mg | 100 | Tablet | per tablet | KES 55 |
| Phenobarbitone | Biodeal Laboratories Ltd. | Biodeal Laboratories Ltd. | 30mg | 1000 | Tablet | per tablet | KES 370 |
| Phenobarbitone | Biodeal Laboratories Ltd. | Biodeal Laboratories Ltd. | 120mg | Injection | per vial | KES 120 | |
| Phenobarbitone | Cosmos Limited. | Cosmos Limited | 30mg | 100 | Tablet | per tablet | KES 120.00 |
| Phenobarbitone | Laboratory & Allied Ltd. | Laboratory & Allied Ltd | 30mg | 100 | Tablet | per tablet | KES 65.00 |
| Phenobarbitone | Laboratory & Allied Ltd. | Laboratory & Allied Ltd | 30mg | 1000 | Tablet | per tablet | KES 400.00 |
| Phenobarbitone | Laboratory & Allied Ltd. | Laboratory & Allied Ltd | 120mg | 1 | Injection | per vial | KES 400.00 |
|
Phenobarbitone more info |
|
|---|---|
| Mode Of Action | Enhancing and /or mimicking the inhibitory synaptic action of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). |
| Drug Indication | All forms of epilepsies except absence seizures |
| Precautions | Fever; hyperthyroidism; diabetes mellitus; severe anaemia; perform periodic laboratory evaluation of organ systems; including hepatic, renal, and haemapoetic systems |
| Contra-Indications | Hypersensitivity to barbiturates; porphyria; severe respiratory depression; intra-arterial depression. |
| Side Effects | Exfoliative dermatitis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome; severe respiratory depression, apnea, laryngospasm, bronchospasm, or hypotension may occur with intravenous administration; prolonged barbiturate therapy may result in osteopenia or rickets; barbiturate dependence; ataxia; drowsiness; mental depression; hyperkinesia in children; paradoxical excitement; lethargy; anaemia; restless and confusion in elderly. |
| Dosage | By mouth 60-180mg at night. Child: 5-8mg/kg daily. By 1.V or I.M. 50-200mg repeated after 6 hours when required (max, 600mg daily). Status epilepticus: 1.V at rate lower than 100mg/min (max. 15mg/kg). All forms of epilepsy except typical absence seizures. By mouth or by I.V injection, neonate, initially 20 mg/kg by slow intravenous injection then 2.5-5 mg/kg once daily either by slow intravenous injection or by mouth; dose and frequency adjusted according to response. By mouth, Child 1 month-12 years initially 1-1.5 mg/kg twice daily, increased by 2 mg/kg daily as required; usual maintenance dose 2.5-4 mg/kg once or twice daily; Child 12-18 years, 60-180 mg once daily. |
| Pregnancy Category | Category D |
| Pregnancy Category Description | Drugs, which have caused, are suspected to have caused, or may be expected to cause an increased rise in the frequency of malformations or irreversible damage. These drugs may also have adverse pharmacological effects required required |
| Drug Category | DRUGS ACTING ON CNS |
| Drug Sub-Category | Anticonvulsants
Specific Dosages; Dosing: Adult Sedation: Oral, I.M.: 30-120 mg/day in 2-3 divided doses Hypnotic: Oral, I.M., I.V.: 100-320 mg at bedtime Preoperative sedation: I.M.: 100-200 mg 1-1.5 hours before procedure Anticonvulsant/status epilepticus: Loading dose: I.V.: 10-20 mg/kg (maximum rate ≤60 mg/minute in patients ≥60 kg); may repeat dose in 20-minute intervals as needed (maximum total dose: 30 mg/kg) Maintenance dose: Oral, I.V.: 1-3 mg/kg/day in divided doses or 50-100 mg 2-3 times/day Sedative/hypnotic withdrawal (unlabeled use): Initial daily requirement is determined by substituting phenobarbital 30 mg for every 100 mg pentobarbital used during tolerance testing; then daily requirement is decreased by 10% of initial dose. Dosing: Pediatric Sedation: Oral: Children: 2 mg/kg 3 times/day Hypnotic: I.M., I.V.: Children: 3-5 mg/kg at bedtime Preoperative sedation: Oral, I.M., I.V.: Children: 1-3 mg/kg 1-1.5 hours before procedure Anticonvulsant/status epilepticus (loading dose): I.V.: Infants and Children: 15-20 mg/kg (maximum: 1000 mg/dose, maximum rate ≤30 mg/minute in children <60 kg); may repeat dose after 15 minutes as needed (maximum total dose: 40 mg/kg) Anticonvulsant maintenance dose: Oral, I.V.: Infants: 5-8 mg/kg/day in 1-2 divided doses Children: 1-5 years: 6-8 mg/kg/day in 1-2 divided doses 5-12 years: 4-6 mg/kg/day in 1-2 divided doses >12 years: 1-3 mg/kg/day in divided doses or 50-100 mg 2-3 times/day Dosing: Geriatric Geriatric patients should be started at the lowest recommended dose. Refer to adult dosing. Dosing: Renal Impairment Clcr <10 mL/minute: Administer every 12-16 hours. Moderately dialyzable (20% to 50%) Dosing: Hepatic Impairment Increased side effects may occur in severe liver disease. Monitor plasma levels and adjust dose accordingly |