1. Fluoroquinolones; Older Group; Norfloxacin, Ofloxacin ,Ciprofloxacin Newer : , Levofloxacin, Gatifloxacin ,Moxifloxacin, Gemifloxacin, Lomefloxacin ,Nalidixic Acid , Pefloxacin ,Sparfloxacin 2. Penicillins Natural (benzyl) ;IM.Procaine , Benzyl/Crystalline Penicillin (IV-IM) , Benzathine/Pen-G ( IM) Amino penicillins; Ampicillin ,Amoxicillin Anti-staphylococcal Cloxacillin, Flucloxacillin, Dicloxacillin , carbenicillin. PhenoxyPenicillins, PenicillinV (Oral) ,Propicillin Ureido(Broad Spectrum) Piperacillin/Tazobactam ,Mezlocillin ,Carbenicillin , Ticarcillin/Clavulanate 3. Aminoglycosides |
4. Cephalosporins 1st Gen ; Cefalexin (oral) , Cefadroxil (oral) , Cefazolin IM/IV ,Cephradine Tab, Cephapirin. 2nd Gen Cefuroxime Oral/IM/IV ,Cefamandole , Cefaclor (oral), Cefproxil Oral 3rd Gen, Cefotaxime IM/IV, Ceftriaxone IM/IV, Cefodizime, Cefpirome IM Cefaperazone/ Sulbactam IM/IV, Ceftazidime ,Ceftizoxime, Cefixime IM, Cefpodoxime Oral , Cefodime, Cefdinir IM 4th Gen; Cefepime, IM 5. Macrolides Erythromycin, Clarithromycin , Azithromycin, Spectinomycin , Roxithromycin,Miocamycin 6. Lincosamines 7. N- Imidazoles |
8. Oxazolidinones 9.Monobactams Aztreonam 10. Tetracyclines Doxycycline, Minocycline, Tetracycline, Tigecycline. 11. Mecillinams/Carbapenems Imipenem/Cilastatin , Meropenem, Ertapenem, Faropenem 12. Glycopeptide 13. Others Chloramphenicol, Fosfomycin, Fusidate, Nitrofurantion, Nifuroxazide, Teicoplanin, Thiaphenicol, Vancomycin Mechanisms of action; Bactericidal; Penicillins, Cephalosporins, Aminoglycosides, Co-trimoxazole Bacteriostatic; Erythromycin, Tetracyclines, Chloramphenicol, Trimethoprim, Sulphonamides Inhibition of cell wall synthesis;Penicillins, Cephalosporins ,Vancomycin, Monobactams Inhibition of DNA gyrase Floroquinolones, Metronidazole Inhibition of protein synthesis; Aminoglycosidses, Chloramphenicol, Tetracyclines, Erythromycin, Sulphonamides Inhibition of folate metabolism Trimethoprim |